In 2014 Myanmar introduced a constituency development fund CDF to sponsor small public works and development projects in each of the country s 330 electoral constituencies As a form of pork barrel spending CDF programmes have long remained controversial among international donors anti corruption agencies and civil society watchdogs for their potential for corruption embezzlement waste of public money vote buying and other clientelistic behaviours The CDF has however emerged in as an extremely popular instrument for lawmakers in offering new opportunities for meeting the basic infrastructure and development needs of local communities The scheme has also fostered more frequent interactions among parliamentarians local bureaucrats and citizens Mechanisms for vetting and monitoring the CDF projects seem also to have grown stronger each year Rumours about petty corruption and misappropriation cases have gradually surfaced particularly since the National League for Democracy NLD took control of the legislature in 2016 Yet in the first three fiscal years of its implementation the scheme did not lead to any known major punitive action There is also not yet enough of a record to identify credible linkages between the use of CDFs and the building of an electoral clientele by politicians another common criticism of pork barrel funding

The Emergence of Pork-Barrel Politics in Parliamentary Myanmar PDF

The list of books you might like