� VILLAV IGONI �TlD II TALO·TEDIEISIC 7 Nietzsche Illuminismo Modernità A di cura CarGleon tiVlolik,Ge crr harAdltd Voe nturelli c Leo 01c hkFii renze . 2003 COLLANA DELLA VILLAV IGONI Rediaozne M.G iovanFnraa nceh ElenPao lledri Tradiuozni PierpaAoslcoa Arnid,r eBae nedeFtetdie,r Ciicoap pAin,n amarCioan tini, CarlGoe ntiIvl ain,Go o rzanMealrliiAa,n geMlaag nanPia,o lRou more Inc operPtrao:m ecthesieo l ibdearlacl aet esnude i,s egdniLo e opoRladu , frontesdpeilziplora i mead izidoenleNl aas cidteal tlar eadgi(aFr itz1s8c7h2,) ISBN8 82 2521 964 Inr icodrid o WolfgaMnugll er-Lauter ELENCOD ELLEA BBREVIAZIONI Edizieos nigila ed otptealrteo e p edir Fer iedNriiecht zsche KSA FriedNriiecthz sScahmet, lWie crhkKeer .i tiSstcuhdei eniaun15s B gaanb­e denh,r svgo.n G .C olulnid M .M ontinBaerril,i n/YN oerwk /Mi.inchen, DeG ruyt1e9r8 0. OFN OperdieF riedNrieitczhsa c hedi, G.C olelM i. M ontinari, Milano, cura Adelp1h9i6 s4s . KSB FriedrNiiceht zsScahmet, liBcrhieeK r/iet.iS stcuhdiee nahurssvggo.an b e, G.C olulnid M . Montinari, Berlin/NewD eY Gorruky/tMei.irn chen, 1986. Ep EpistodilaF rriioe dNrieitczhsa c hedi, G.C olelM i. M ontinari, Mi­ cura lanAod,e lp1h9i7 s6s . KGW FriedrNiiceht zsWcehre,kK er.i tiGsecshaem tauhsrgsvgao.bn Ge .,C olli undM .M ontinari, BYeorrlkiD,ne /G Nreuwy t1e9r6 s7s . KGB FriedrNiiceht zsBcrhie,ec /whesKerilt.i sGceshaem taushrgsavgbo.en G, . Colulnid M .M ontinBaerril,i n/YNoerwkD ,e G ruyt1e9r7 s5s . VI - - IN1RODUZIONE n presevnotleu mrea ccolgelr ieel azpiroensie natlca otnev egNnioe tz­ sch-eI llumi-nMiosdmeor ntientuàt,por seis ls'oU nivedriBs oiltoàg na negii orn1i3 -1n5o vemb2r0e0 i0n o ccasidoenclee ntendaerlimlooa r te n defli losocfoon.v egèns ot aotrog anizdzaaltlo' UnidvieB rosliotgiànn a strectotlal aborcaozniiC loe nnet Irtoa lo-TeddiVe islcVloia g ocnio,na ltre Univeristiatlàei t aendee sqcuhaell,aHi u mboldt-UdniBi evrelrilns'oUz,­' tat niverdsiLi etcàce qe u eldliUa r bineco o,na ltirset ituzioni scientifiche, quali laD eutsFcohrhesu cngsgehmae/cihtneh,as r cespoo ssilbafi ollept aar tecipa­ ziondeis tuditoesdie spcrheis eanlct oin vegDnuor.a nltape r eparazione scientdiefclio cnav egsnièo a ,l trreesaìl izuznaapt rao ficcoulal aborazione conal tirnei ziaantailvoesg vhoel,it nea slitu rnei vereis sittiàt udziri iocneir ca europneeell:o rion sieqmuee smtaen ifesthaazninioonn tie fsooc alilzoz are strertatpop otrrtao ln'iiedtezas cdhige uantEaeu rr opeqa ueerld liam ensio­ nei deadliCe o spmoolnieslq,lu aa lifeli lo-soifnpo a rticaotltarraevl ear so suian tefnrseaq uentdaezliclouanl et furraan c-essceorgieplvo as sipbuinl­e tod ir iferidmieu nnatn ou ovcau lteuurrao paenac oirnfa o rmaziIonpn aer.­ ticoulnac roen vegonrog,a nizaPz aartiodg aPi a olDo' IoreGi iol bMeerrt­ lihoa,a ffrontpaitùsop ecificiatlme emnNati ee thzels)Fac r antcEeu)r ope, menturnec onvegonrog,a nizaWz eaitmoa draR iidiSgcehrm ihdati ,n da­ gatlo' iddeifa u tucroon neaslslcaao ncezione nideetlzslstaco hraeifaa­n,a frontanidlto e mFagi urdeenGr e sctheiB.ci hlddeerZr u k/utnA.tt raverso lac reazidoiun nee stenseot wocrheko,,l tarlel ies tituez uinoinvie rsità gipàr imrai cordaitnec,l iuhKlsao o l Flreige dNriiecthzd seScrth tieu/ nWgez � É marKelarsz skl,Maa isHoeni nHreiichnl e'c,o nloer msapuléer ideiPu arrei gi el aU nirvsezde'P taérI iVs-S orboqnuneesit,no s iedmice o nveegi nnii zia­ tivheai nteesvoi toagrnefi o rmdaiv uotcae lebrarzeitoonreepi rcoam uove­ reu n'occadsiiu olntee rriiofrlee sesr iiocneerd cealq,lu aa lqeu essttoe sso volumsec,a tudraiu tno' attenta rieer liaobrograanziizdozenamieza itoen­e riadliis cudsusria nitcleo nvegbnool ognveusoele,es setrees timonianza. La VII - - INTRO DUZIONE stesrseaa lizzdaizq iuoensleti ob rcoh,eh a r ichiuensi tmop egnaltaivvoor o organizezr aetdiavzoi oèni ralil seu,l tuantp oi rùdi is trneetttwooc hrehk a, visitmop egnla'tUen ivdeirB soiltoàgV nial,Vl iag oenl iaD rE.rn sHte inrich Heiman-SntiftunMgo ndaic o. Comeè n otloa,n uovead izicornietd ieclaol pee rnei etzsc(hNeianeet z­ sch-eWerk-eKrsicthiGee samgtaab,uae sw)iastoat ltaoc urdaiG iorgio ColelM ia zziMnoon tineal redi i,v erse inriizcieadrtacei asv sesa c dait urite ea de sscao llehgaar taap,p resentatmoo muennpoti iaùd l eetis i i gnificativi deKl ulatuusrtaturIsatc ahel G iear maniinqa u esutlit idmeic enEnsis.ha a costitsueinatzlo't urnoo d egelsie mppiiùp rofoenp diiùr iusdciiu tnei'f ­ fettciovmau nicaiznitoenrec ulitdueradatalGa ei ;o rgCiool li occocmaes io­ ned iu nar iscopertNai edtiz asulEcnsr h zehi eecra,p adcier iporatlalrae lucleea ntircahdeie clil endiecplhe en sioecrcoi denqtuaelseetd,ai zicornie­ tifuc ac ondodtatM aa zzoiM no ntincaornui n 'attmeenttoad oldoiig nidaa ­ ginfei loleos gtiocraci hcesa v,i lupaplacvuadn eel ilned icapziifùoe ncio nde deltlraa dizsitoonrei cdiesltcliuacl at iutraal iQauneas.tf oo rsteen sdoe lla storpiear midsire i condiut rersent iie tzscahlelsaain tiu azciuolnteu rale chel iav evpar odoltitbie,r adnadploe lsido i e quiveod ceif ormaczhieo ni sud ie sssiie ranaoc cumuInl attaiml.o dol ac ulttuerdae -sceia n g enere queleluar op-epaotgér adualmreinstceo pirnNi ireet zsucnhm eo mento centrdaeldlei scofrisloo sofimcood edrenliilntadà a,g acnodnpo i ùa tten­ zioniels ensdoiq uelslvao lttraa gdiecplae nsicehreoa ,ls uon omer esta intrinseclaemgeanttae. Lad edidciaq uesvtool uamW eo lfgaMnigi ller-lLoas uttuedrit,oe s­o descsoc ompanreslol 'a2g0o0s1it,lqo u aldoep ol am ortdeiC olelM io n­ tinaasrsiu nisnes-ieaKm aer Ple staloizglzr ia-vocsoom pidteol rleas pon­ sabislciiteàn tdiefliplcraao secudzeiloln'ee dinzoinro anpep,r esdeunnt­a ques oltaunndt oov uotmoa ggailolm ae mordiiau ni ndiscpursostoa goni­ stad ellrae cenNtiee thzes-cFhournsmgca, i ntenrdiec orduanrode e gli interlotceudteosprciihùa i t teena tpip assidoendiau tesi t udiiotsail liea­ni, gataoM ontindaard iu ratvuirnic doial mii ciezd iica o nfidienntzeal lettua­ leM.i iller-sLeapupitene tru ciorneg ranadceu mleen uovpeo ssibdiil ità interpredtealzfillioaos noefn iiae tzscchheesa cnaat,u rdiavplaa nzoi elnat­e vorfoi lolodgeiicc ool leigthail imaonlitd;ee ltleem aticchhere i,t ornano conf requeannzcahi enq uesvtool umqeu,a ll'ii ndadgeilrn aep potrrtao scieenfil zoas ofiilra a,p potrrtao veei rnitteàr pretlaarz eiloanzei,o ne tra coscienzae n sutoovcraoi nccae zdieolntleea m poralità,i nMt iriolv­arono ler-Lauuntode erg elsie gpeitùai t teeni tnin ovativi. Proprpieorq uesitmap ortaasnszuadn atlael dai zinoineet zscnheela-na Vill - - INTRODUZIONE ler elazciuolntiu trraIalt ia elG iear manViial,Vl iag ohnais empsreeg uito cong ranadtet enzliaso unaee v oluziPorniemd.ae lsluaam ortleo,s tesso Montinoasrsie rcvoòni nteree psasret ecipialcz oisotniet dueilnr usoiv o CentIrtoa lo-Tedescchole, aR edpoupbob Fleidcear daiGl eer manaivae va decidsioa ccetitlat rees tamdeinI tgon azViiog onNi e.l1 990e poin el 1996i,no ccasidoednlee c iamnon iverdsealmrloiaro t deiM ontinsaitre in,­ nerdou ei mportanti dciso tnuvdedigeonqi,iu apluir tronpopnso ir iusac ì pubblicaret rigap l air taetctifipi;ag nutrgiai naàol loarlac udneigs ltiu diosi, cheh annpoa rteciaqp uaetsovt ool umceo,m -e oltirt er ceu rat-oKrair l PestalJoozszSeiif,m oGni,o rgPieon zFoe,d erico VeRrecnealMtlieoi nle­, ler-Buck,VViivvaertAet qlaul eidi.u ec onvepganrit ecliosp tòe sMsioi ller­ Lauteea rl cudneipi r oatgonidsiqt uieN le wN iethzecs,hc le' edizsieopnpee attiavtatroearn s oé e o ggèiq uadsiiv entuan't moa rchiisloi 'm,b odliuo n a comuniitnàt ernazidoin aslteeu d dii or iacletracmae innttee rdisciplinare, aperatr ai ntraicncm ioalrfteei n omedneilc lual tcuornat empoirs aengenai lascdiaaltdliia ffi ciell aeb irinticnai eetzrsecdAhi etuaànn oda e.pi i sùi gni­ ficateisvpio nednit iq uNeestwNo i ethzeGs,ic uliCaanmop io(nUin iversità diL ecceic) u,r atdoiqr uie svtool umees primiolln oor poi ùv iveos entito ringrazipaemrie lrn itcoec c oo struttivo dciio dnetcerh ieeb gulhtiaao p ­ portaatloli ad eazionree,a lailzlzaeaa zlildoain sec usssviiolnuep pdaut­asi ranitlec onvegenp oo ic ondensiantq auseisv tool ume. Questloi bsriio n serdiusncqeui enu nal indeia ricdaet recmap aov ­ viataal,lqa u alleos tesCseon tIrtoa lo-TeddiVe islcVloia g ohnaia rrecato significcoanttirviiSb euntzqiau. e sltaov oprroe parasteonrqziuaoe ,s ta fitta retdei reltarzsait oundii osi aal baivtouriaantrsiei edmaue n al ungcao n­ suetuddiirn iec erscean,zl aaf ormazidoinn ueo vrii cercaatttoerenic t ai­ ricdhici u rioisnitteàl lettuale,i tlde impffari ecsiclaemvlertneotb pebo et u­ toe ssearffreo ntadtaol mloal tepldiicp irtoàs petcthieav rer,i cchiscono quesvtool umIelc. o mpiitnoi zialpmreenftiesm siorsaiivn an antzuit at o focaliizlrz aaprpeo irnttor attdeanN uiteot zsccohnle ' illumiinnitsemsoo, combee nd etermicnoasttae llsatzoiroinceo -ciunldtaugrqaaurleees r:ta op ­ portcoo nl 'illumnionnic sommoue n m omentpoa ssegegd eisr eoc ondaria importdaenslzu aop ensiseirgnificoa gidài p esré c apovollg'eirmem agine ancodrifafu sad iu nN ietzsecphieg odneorl o manticeip srmeoc urdsio re und ecadenteiusrmoop cehoe, shmaa rroigtnroia ppocrotnio ll a vocrroi ­ ticdoe lcloan oscernazzai onNaellels.ot estseom psoo ttoliln'eiamrpeo r­ tanzdaiq uesctoon fronctoonl 'ereddeliltà' Aujknloanvr uuodniig re ev i­ denziaanrceo urnaav olltaap resucnotnat raddidtetploe rniseitneàir eot z­ schealnapo r,e seinnez sas doim oticvoin trasett arlnaot rilo o ntafnuisi,in IX - - INTRO DUZIONE una malgatmaal vovlitsai oneaq ruiaosai i c onfdiinu in 'inquiaeltlaunctie­ naziOne. Certlo' illuminneilslm'oa,c cneizeitoznsec phreeasnstaido, i lapteaur n versao r appresentmaormee ntudone cisdievldo i scorso fdiellolsao fico modernipteàrl, ' alats rcoa ndagill iaabrier imnetaincddire il rlaag ioan e, concepliarr aez ionsatleisctsoàam iesl o rprenrdiesnutledt iua nti on tricato giocdoip ulsazeid oian ffie tNtiie.t zsdcihvei ceonseiì np, a rticaotltarrae­ verslo' interprdeitA adzoirnooen H eo rkheipmieùvr o lrtiec hiaimna ta quesvtool umle',e sempelsaprree ssdiiqo uneel 'ldai aledtetlilc'ai llumini­ smo'c,h es embprear corlrame ordee rniatlàls at redgiuu an as uas truttura portaen rtiec orrNeenltlseot. e stseom ploa s tescsaat egocreintar dail e quelclhaeu nt empsoic onsidecroamvela a' faislel'u midneislsu topa e n­ sie-rcoa rattedrailzglzreaa tnaod pie raef orisdtiUi mcahne otr,o pupmoa ­ noA,u roerL aag aisac ie-n,oz wae rqou eldliFa r eGieeires vti,d enaz ia un'anapliaiùts tie lnact oam plesdsioi gtnaàiu tenptrioccoe dsils iob erazio­ nei ntelleetstsusoae,lc eo;nN dioe tzsdcihffei,c ilèmr eenatlei zszeanbzial e uni nsiedmive i ncodlili e,g amdiir, a dicamaeffnettitc ihveci a,r icialn o pensideiur noa g ammav ariedgiat toan alsietnàt imeenp tsailcio logiche. Lac onoscdeinvziace onsepì a ssieodèn s ee mpvreen adtiua n an ascosta componente cthrera ignivicinuaa l, t ima aalnllaoeln itsoairn ieg rienlii giose dio gnnio stfroar mdair appsreentazli'oinlel;u mdiunniqsumreoi enatlr­a l'intdeirnu onp rocedsiss oe colarizczhaeNz iieotnzes,nc ohnie n terpreta piùs emplicecmoemneut nea c ostaanstceel sian evaerress oe mprneu ove formdeil iberaezd iieo mnaen cipaLzait ornaeg.e adnicahq,eu elsluab lima­ tad elcloan oscennazsac,o snpdees usnos ottofdoidn odloo erl eas, t esrsaa­ gionter olveas uqeu alciotsàt itiunqt uievseit nod irreatptpoo crotnio dl o ­ loriedl;o lonreel sltoe stseom proi nvai au dniam ensione religiosa dell'esi­ stenczoasc,ìh el ar iflesssiuolnle' illusmiii nntirsenmcuoco ivaa mecnotnle a riflesssiuolpnlrea o fotnrdaad izione crciuslttieuaurnraao pdeeal.l a Unc ontributo impodratlralinaflt ees svaiipoeennrieetn q a u esvtool u­ me,i np articroilgauraear lnd eos storv ae rieit nàt erpreeta alzc ioonnsee­ guenptreo bledmefaio ndam'eongtgie tdtioi gvnliia' v oerrom eneustuilc o; piandoe ll'interdpriNe iteatzzisqocunheees r tioc ondau cuepn iaaù t tenta disamdienslau or appocrotnlo at radizfiiolnoes oefdii npc aar,t icolare con iple nsideiKr aon tS.eN ietzshcaih net ecsaop ovolegr eardei caltmrean­te sformlaasr teo rdiealm leat afisica opcecaril dternot havalce eor,ms uon que utiliczaztaetgoco ernitedr aepllei n sifeirloo sporfeicceod ecnotmebe,e nr i­ levJoa s eSfi moenc omea nchael tcroin triebvuitdie nzLiaat nroa.s forma­ ziondeev ia lolrapi r,o blematizdziu anzavi eornioetg àg etntoinvd ae vono X - - INTRODUZIONE quinedsis ecroen sideqruaatsaeil lsat regdiuu an ap rovocaztiaolnveo,l ta intrdiisd ae formazeisotneit izdziau nnatl iu,n gtar adizmiiolnlee naria, ma presupponugnoc noon frornitgoo reo nsoon e stemporcaonnte aol e tradizRiiosnceo.p qruiersert iog oirnes inteol l'interfriolgoaszdoiifo incea Nietzsvcuhodeii rien dagcaornpe i ùa ttenzilis oingen ifdiiqc uaetlsolv ao l­ tac,hei no gni ilcs ausoo penhsadi eetreor miln'aotroi:g eip nraolfiotnàd ità filosdoift iaclsaev olptuaòe ssevrael utdaitvae rsammeanè it en,d ublbai a cariicnan ovacthieuv na' audcaocnet aminatzreiaso inset eer nizflae ssione, trDai chteuD negn kheani ,mp ressoN ideotpzosa cldh ies cofrisloo sofico delmload ernità. Riflettdeurneq useur la ppotrrtNaoi etzselc 'hiel lumriinpiosarmltola a finaei nterrosgualsrltcaei s csoas telleapzoicoanlee ,q unaelsleil aama on ­ cora inèsu enrc iatmipd:oi s perimentaapzeirodtnaape ,r aticcoanrp ea ­ la zienaztat,e nzeir oingeo arpep,r ofondeae ffnidnoa ndnoo stcroas cienza intelleetl tanu oasltcero an sapevolezCziaa usgtuorriciahcmeaioc . o ntri­ butria ccoilnqt uie svtool umpeo ssarnaop preseunnt'aorcec adsiir oin­e pensamednitc oo,n froend tido i aloignqo u esdtiar ezione. CARLo GENTILVIO,L KEGRE RHARDTAL,no VENTURELLI XI - -