Microbiology, Infections, and Antibiotic Therapy Elizabeth J. Rosen, MD Faculty Advisor: Francis B. Quinn, MD The University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology Grand Rounds Presentation March 22, 2000 Basic Bacteriology Shape Arrangement Gram Staining Cell Wall Characteristics Gram Positive Gram Negative Bacterial Growth Binary Fission = Exponential Growth Four Phases of Growth Normal Bacterial Flora Host Defense Mechanisms Nonspecific Immunity Specific Immunity barriers Passive inflammatory Active response humoral cell-mediated Clinical Microbiology Gram Positive Cocci Gram Positive Bacilli Gram Negative Cocci Gram Negative Bacilli Anaerobes Spirochetes Mycobacteria Gram Positive Cocci Staphylococcus Streptococcus Staphylococcus S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus S. aureus Streptococcus S. viridans oral flora infective endocarditis