This document summarizes the key points from lectures on mathematical modeling of chemical processes:

- Models relate inputs like manipulated variables and disturbances to outputs through equations describing the underlying process. 

- For a binary distillation column with N stages, there are 4N+5 equations and 4N+11 independent variables to describe the system.

- The state of a heated tank system can be described by the liquid height and temperature in the tank. Mass and energy balances yield two differential equations relating the temperature over time to inlet/outlet flows and heat supplied. 

- For the special case where inlet and outlet flows are equal, the model simplifies to one equation relating temperature change to inlet temperature and heater temperature disturbances

CHE334 Instrumentation and Process Control: Chapter 4 & 5 Mathematical Modeling of Behavior of Chemical Process PDF

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